In the current study, molybdenum disulfide MoS₂ doped with cobalt with different molar ratios from 0.0 to 1.0 was proposed as semiconductor layer which work as electron transfer layer in solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Molybdenum disulfide attracts additional attention due to its layered structure which allows transformation into a two-dimensional morphology, like graphene as well as quantum dots (QDs), with excellent physical properties and wide band-gap energy. It is clear that the pure MoS₂ phase was observed using hydrothermal method with different temperatures from 200 to 250^oC for periods from 48 to 72 h. As a consequence, the effect of synthesis conditions on the crystal structure, crystallite size, microstructure, surface area S_BET and optical properties was studied.  Ultraviolet–visible-Near IR spectroscopy evinced that optical band gap energy using Kubelka–Munk function based on Tauc’s plot was found to increase with raising the substitution of Co³⁺ ions from 1.38 to 0.61 eV. Moreover, the photoluminescence spectra measurement at excitation band 250 nm of Co³⁺ ions substitution MoS₂ nanoparticles at room temperature was studied. Eventually, the recent development of an all solid-state heterojunction dye solar cell holds additional potential for further cost reduction and simplification of the manufacturing of dye solar cells.