Thesis is devoted to the study of the effect of external permanent magnetic or electric fields on the structure, thermophysical, dielectric properties of epoxy polymers and their nanocomposites with lead (II) oxide. System studies of structure, thermophysical, thermomechanical and dielectric properties of nanocomposites with metal oxide formed under the influence of external constant physical fields were carried out for the first time. Patterns of connection between the structure and the physical and mechanical properties of epoxy nanocomposites were first established. This makes it possible to purposefully influence external physical fields on the process of solidification of nanocomposites in order to obtain materials with a certain complex of functional properties.The ideas of constructing mathematical models and mechanisms of the influence of permanent magnetic and electric fields on epoxy polymers and their nanocomposites containing metal oxide have been developed. Based on the results obtained, the method of calculating an electromagnet and a cylindrical capacitor using the software «Elcut» has been improved. The obtained results of the study of the influence of magnetic and electric constant fields were used to improve the existing method of manufacturing nanocomposites based on reactor plastics.